Immune & Inflammation · Dosing reference

PNC-27 dosage

What the human evidence does and does not show, how long studies ran, and the arithmetic for working with vials.

Not approved — research use onlyDMechanistic onlyNone established

Full research page Cycle-length evidence Compare Prefer Amiravo on Google

Regulatory status: Not approved — research use only
Human amounts: None established in humans
Route studied: —
Frequency: Not established
Half-life: Not established
Evidence grade: Grade D · Mechanistic only
Vial sizes on the market: 5 mg · 10 mg
Other forms seen: —

What PNC-27 is

PNC-27 is a synthetic peptide combining a p53-derived segment with a membrane-penetrating sequence, investigated in cancer cell culture research.

PNC-27 is described as a 32-residue peptide containing an HDM-2 binding domain together with a cell-penetrating peptide leader sequence ^1. Its proposed mechanism does not run through the usual intracellular p53–MDM2 axis: the reported action is binding to HDM-2 that is associated with the plasma membrane, followed by formation of pores that cause lysis and necrosis of the cell ^1. Evidence offered for the membrane… How it works →

Key evidence

Sarafraz-Yazdi et al., Biomedicines · 2022 · Cells (cancer cell lines and untransformed fibroblasts) plus computational modelling
Reported approximately one-to-one PNC-27 and HDM-2 labelling within ring-shaped structures in pores near the cell surface of treated cancer cells, with no pores reported in PNC-27-treated control untransformed fibroblasts. Several authors declare inventorship on patents relating to PNC-27. ¹
Thadi et al., Anticancer Research · 2020 · Cells (human AML lines U937, OCI-AML3, HL-60; normal hematopoietic cells as comparator)
Membrane HDM-2 was detected at high levels in the three leukemia lines, and PNC-27 was reported to induce necrosis and LDH release within four hours. ²
Krzesaj et al., Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science · 2024 · Cells (MIA-PaCa-2 human pancreatic carcinoma)
An antibody to the amino-terminal p53 binding site of HDM-2 blocked PNC-27-induced necrosis; treated cells lost mitochondrial dye retention while retaining lysosomal dye, and anti-PNC-27 label was located on mitochondrial membranes. ³

All studies on the research page

What the human evidence shows

No approved or established human dose

We searched PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov and found no human studies that administered PNC-27. The research described on its page is from cells or animals, and animal amounts do not translate to people.

How long did human studies run?

No human study durations are recorded for PNC-27.

Cycle-length evidence for PNC-27

PNC-27 draw calculator

Pick the vial strength and the water added, enter an amount, and see the concentration, the units to draw and how many draws the vial holds. Arithmetic only.

1 · Vial strength

sizes on the market

2 · Water added

3 · Amount per draw

4 · Syringe

Your mix

10 mg + 2 mL water = 5 mg/mL

10 units holds 0.5 mg (500 mcg)

Draw toEnter an amount in step 3

U-100 syringe · 100 units = 1 mL

Computed from your inputs. Not a dose or a recommendation.

Compare water volumes for this vialShow

More water = lower concentration = a larger, easier-to-measure draw. Tap a row to use it.

Water	mg/mL	Draw
0.5 mL	20	—
1 mL	10	—
1.5 mL	6.667	—
2 mL	5	—
2.5 mL	4	—
3 mL	3.333	—
5 mL	2	—

Supplies and handling

Lyophilized vial
Sealed vial with the freeze-dried cake. Check the label, lot and the certificate of analysis before opening.
Sterile diluent
The diluent named on the product documentation. Bacteriostatic water contains benzyl alcohol; sterile water does not.
Graduated syringes
Sized to the volume being measured. U-100 insulin syringes are graduated in units where 100 units = 1 mL.
Alcohol prep pads
For wiping vial stoppers before each puncture.
Nitrile gloves
Clean gloves for aseptic handling.
Sharps container
Puncture-resistant container for used needles.

Step-by-step reconstitution guide Storage and transport accessories

Storage

General research-context handling only. Lyophilised peptide is ordinarily held cold, dry and protected from light, and reconstituted material is less stable than lyophilised material. Cell-penetrating peptide constructs are reported to adsorb to plastic and are sensitive to repeated freeze-thaw. Follow the supplier's own documentation for the specific lot; nothing here is a preparation or administration instruction.

Lyophilized (unmixed) vials: typically stored cold and dry, away from light, as the documentation directs. Many are stable longer frozen.
Reconstituted vials: typically refrigerated (about 2–8 °C), protected from light and not frozen.
Bacteriostatic water contains benzyl alcohol, which inhibits bacterial growth in multi-use vials; sterile water has no preservative.

Handling mistakes and troubleshooting

Added the wrong volume of diluent: The concentration changes, not the amount of compound in the vial. Recalculate with the volume actually added and relabel the vial.
Shook the vial and it foamed: Let it settle in the refrigerator. Foam is a sign of agitation; some peptides aggregate when shaken. Note it on the label.
The solution is cloudy or has particles: Do not use it. Cloudiness can indicate incomplete dissolution, contamination or degradation. Record the lot and contact the supplier with the certificate of analysis.
The powder cake looks melted or shrunken before reconstitution: This can indicate the vial was exposed to heat or moisture. Record the lot and condition on arrival.
Liquid sprayed back when the needle was removed: Pressure built up in the vial. Withdraw a small volume of air while adding diluent to keep pressure neutral.

Regulatory status

Status: Not approved by the FDA for any use. No approved application naming PNC-27 was identified, PNC-27 does not appear in any category of FDA's May 14, 2026 list of bulk drug substances nominated for compounding under section 503A ^6, and a search of ClinicalTrials.gov for PNC-27 as an intervention returned no registered studies at all ^5.
United States (FDA): No approved application naming PNC-27 was identified. PNC-27 does not appear in category 1 (under evaluation), category 2 (significant safety concerns) or category 3 (nominated without adequate support) of FDA's May 14, 2026 list of bulk drug substances nominated for use in compounding under section 503A, so it has no position in that framework ^6.
Sport (WADA): PNC-27 is not named anywhere in the WADA 2026 Prohibited List ^7. That is hedged negative evidence, not a clearance. Section S0, Non-Approved Substances, prohibits at all times “Any pharmacological substance which is not addressed by any of the subsequent sections of the List and with no current approval by any governmental regulatory health authority for human therapeutic use (e.g. drugs under pre-clinical or clinical development or discontinued, designer drugs, substances approved only for veterinary use)”, and states that “this class covers many different substances including but not limited to” the named examples ^7. PNC-27 has no approval by any governmental regulatory health authority for human therapeutic use, which is the condition S0 describes.

Status varies by country and changes over time. How we describe regulatory status.

PNC-27 compared with related compounds

Compound	Status	Evidence	Human amounts	Half-life
PNC-27	Not approved — research use only	D	None established	—
Thymulin	Not approved — research use only	C	None established	Not located in the sources reviewed for
Larazotide	Investigational	B	Trial doses	—
LL-37	Not approved — research use only	B	None established	—
KPV	Not approved — research use only	C	None established	—
Thymosin Alpha-1	Approved outside the US	B	None established	—

Frequently asked questions

What doses of PNC-27 have been studied in humans?

None that establish an amount. PNC-27 is not approved anywhere and we found no human studies that administered it. Amiravo does not publish community or vendor figures.

Is there an established PNC-27 cycle length?

No. We found no human studies that report treatment duration for PNC-27.

How much bacteriostatic water should be added to a PNC-27 vial?

There is no compound-specific volume. The diluent volume only sets the concentration: concentration = mass in the vial ÷ volume added (for example, 10 mg in 2 mL gives 5 mg/mL). The calculator on this page shows the arithmetic for any combination.

How many units is a given amount on an insulin syringe?

On a U-100 syringe, 100 units = 1 mL. Units for an amount = amount ÷ (concentration per unit). The calculator converts any amount you enter at the concentration you choose; a unit is a volume mark, not an amount of compound.

Is PNC-27 FDA-approved?

Not approved — research use only. Not approved by the FDA for any use. No approved application naming PNC-27 was identified, PNC-27 does not appear in any category of FDA's May 14, 2026 list of bulk drug substances nominated for compounding under section 503A ^6, and a search of ClinicalTrials.gov for PNC-27 as an intervention returned no registered studies at all ^5.

References

PNC-27, a Chimeric p53-Penetratin Peptide Binds to HDM-2 in a p53 Peptide-like Structure, Induces Selective Membrane-Pore Formation and Leads to Cancer Cell Lysis Biomedicines. 2022
Targeting Membrane HDM-2 by PNC-27 Induces Necrosis in Leukemia Cells But Not in Normal Hematopoietic Cells Anticancer Research. 2020
Anti-Cancer Peptide PNC-27 Kills Cancer Cells by Unique Interactions with Plasma Membrane-Bound hdm-2 and with Mitochondrial Membranes Causing Mitochondrial Disruption Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science. 2024
Design and implementation of a high yield production system for recombinant expression of peptides Microbial Cell Factories. 2014
ClinicalTrials.gov search for PNC-27 as intervention (0 studies returned) ClinicalTrials.gov. 2026
Bulk Drug Substances Nominated for Use in Compounding Under Section 503A of the FD&C Act (updated May 14, 2026) FDA. 2026
World Anti-Doping Code International Standard: Prohibited List 2026 WADA. 2026

Last reviewed October 23, 2026 by the Amiravo editorial team. Editorial policy · Report an error