Paired compounds, on the evidence

CagriSema is Novo Nordisk's once-weekly combination of cagrilintide, a long-acting amylin analogue, with semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist. Unlike most combinations on Amiravo, it has been given to humans in randomised phase 1b, phase 2 and phase 3 trials (REDEFINE and REIMAGINE programmes) . Cagrilintide itself is not FDA-approved .

BPC-157 and TB-500 are two unapproved synthetic peptides that are marketed together, most often as a pre-mixed blend. No controlled human study of the pair was found; the only direct comparison identified is a rat tendon experiment in which the combination showed no additional effect over either peptide alone . Each component's own evidence comes mainly from animal and cell studies.

GLOW is a marketing name for a three-peptide mixture of BPC-157, TB-500 and GHK-Cu, none of which is FDA-approved as a drug. No study of the three-component mixture was found in humans or animals. The only related experiment tested two of the three components in rats and found no additive effect .

KLOW is a marketing name for the GLOW mixture with the tripeptide KPV added. None of the four components is FDA-approved, KPV has been studied only in cells and animals, and no study of the four-component mixture was found . The only related experiment tested two of the components in rats and found no additive effect .

This pairing combines a GHRH-receptor analog (CJC-1295 without the DAC group, also called modified GRF 1-29) with ipamorelin, a ghrelin-receptor agonist. Neither is approved anywhere, and no human study of the pair was found. The rationale rests on older human research showing that GHRH and a GH-releasing peptide given together can release more growth hormone than either alone , which involved different molecules.

This pairing combines the GHRH-receptor analog CJC-1295 (no DAC) with GHRP-6, a GH-releasing hexapeptide. No human study of this exact pair was found. GHRP-6 has, however, been given to humans together with native GHRH in endocrine research and as a diagnostic test of GH reserve , which is the closest studied analogue.

This pairing combines tesamorelin, an FDA-approved GHRH analog labelled for excess abdominal fat in HIV-associated lipodystrophy , with ipamorelin, an unapproved ghrelin-receptor agonist. No human study of the combination was found, and the tesamorelin label does not address co-use with GH secretagogues.

This pairing combines investigational cagrilintide (an amylin analogue) with FDA-approved tirzepatide (a GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist). No trial giving the two together was found; tirzepatide has appeared in CagriSema trials only as a head-to-head comparator . The pairing is therefore theoretical.

This pairing combines two investigational agents: cagrilintide (an amylin analogue) and retatrutide (a GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist). Neither is FDA-approved, and no human or animal study of the pair was found. Any rationale is theoretical.

This pairing combines investigational retatrutide with MOTS-c, a mitochondrially encoded peptide studied mainly in mice. No study of the pair was found, and no published study administering MOTS-c to humans was identified. Any rationale is theoretical.

Selank and Semax are synthetic heptapeptides developed in Russia, where a peer-reviewed review lists both among registered peptide drugs (Selank as an anxiolytic, Semax as a nootropic) . Neither is FDA-approved. No human study giving them together was found; one fMRI study gave each separately to healthy volunteers .

This three-compound combination, marketed for body recomposition, pairs investigational retatrutide with two unapproved GH-axis peptides. No study of the combination or of retatrutide with any GH secretagogue was found. The pairing is discussed in connection with lean-mass loss during incretin-based weight loss , but whether GH-axis peptides change that has not been tested.